PPPM Book Series
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Well in excess of 900 academic, historical, government and journalism sources were used to compile the information for the PPPM Project Book Series. The Project’s most often used source is the Federal Reserve System itself. The bibliography contains numerous sources that are available online to all, in addition to some sources that are quite difficult to find.

AARP Public Policy Institute, “The Medicare Beneficiary Population,” https://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/health/fs149_medicare.pdf

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ABC News, “Trashed: The Secret Life of Plastic Recycling,” May 24, 2023.

Acemoglu, Daron  &  Restrepo, Pascual, “Artificial Intelligence, Automation and Work,” National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER Working Paper No. 24196, January 2018, https://www.nber.org/papers/w24196

Adbusters, “8th Anniversary of #Occupy Wall Street,” https://www.adbusters.org/campaigns/8th-anniversary-of-occupywallstreet

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Agility PR Solutions, “Top Ten Indiana Newspapers by Circulation,” August 2020, https://www.agilitypr.com/resources/top-media-outlets/top-10-indiana-daily-newspapers-by-circulation/

Agnew, Jeremy, Alcohol and Opium in the Old West, McFarland & Co, 2013.

Aksenov, Pavel, “Stanislav Petrov: The man who may have saved the world,” BBC News, Sept 26, 2013, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-24280831

Allen, Bethany, “”64 Years Later, CIA Finally Releases Details of Iranian Coup,” Foreign Policy, June 20, 2017, https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/06/20/64-years-latercia-finally-releases-details-of-iranian-coup-iran-tehran-oil/

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Alliance For Just Money, “What does the American Monetary Reform Act (AMRA) do?” https://www.monetaryalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/AMRA-Fact-Sheet.pdf

Alliance For Just Money, “American Monetary Reform Act of 2022,” https://www.monetaryalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/American-Monetary-Reform-Act.pdf

Alliance For Just Money, “Mayday for Money! Open letter to the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Board of Directors,” May 17, 2024, https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd8bwyS6osb01a83mAxlbctVUq39zvcJsw93I9uBoHCZNMISA/viewform

Allyn, Bobby, “’The Godfather of AI warns of AI possibly outperforming humans,” NPR WBEZ Chicago, May 27, 2023, https://www.npr.org/2023/05/27/1178575886/-the-godfather-of-ai-warns-of-ai-possibly-outperforming-humans#:~:text=Geoffrey%20Hinton%20is%20known%20as,about%20what’s%20driving%20his%20crusade.

Amadeo, Kimberly, “Real Unemployment Rate with Calculations,” The Balance, Aug 7, 2020, https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-the-real-unemployment-rate-3306198#:~:text=In%20July%202020%20the%20real,the%20formula%20for%20calculating%20both.&text=U%2D3%20%3D%2016.338%20million%20
unemployed,the%20labor%20force%20%3D%2010.2%25

American Economic Association, ASSA 2017 Annual Meeting, “The Curse of the Top 5,” https://www.aeaweb.org/webcasts/2017/curse

American Experience, “The Panic of 1873,” PBS, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/grant-panic/

American Experience, “The Industrial Workers of the World,” Emma Goldman Article, PBS, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/goldman-industrial-workers-world/

American Historical Association, “Can Russians Own Personal Property?” https://www.historians.org/about-aha-and-membership/aha-history-and-archives/gi-roundtable-series/pamphlets/em-46-our-russian-ally-(1945)/can-russians-own-personal-property

American History USA, “Second Bank of the United States,” https://www.americanhistoryusa.com/topic/second-bank-of-the-united-states/

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American Monetary Institute 19th Annual Conference on Monetary Reform, “American Monetary Institute Statement to COP28,” Nov 6, 2023, https://monetary.org/conference/ami-conference-statement-to-cop28/

American Monetary Institute, “Fact Sheet — Infrastructure Jobs Numbers,” https://www.monetary.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/revised-Fact-Sheet-plus-Job-Numbers-for-NEED1.pdf

American Monetary Institute, NEED Act (National Emergency Employment Defense Act), https://monetary.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/HR-2990.pdf

American Monetary Institute, “Fact Sheet Infrastructure Job Numbers,” https://www.monetary.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/revised-Fact-Sheet-plus-Job-Numbers-for-NEED1.pdf

American Monetary Institute Conference Statement to COP26, “The Monetary Dimension of Climate Change,” Attendees of the 17th Monetary Reform Conference by the American Monetary Institute, Nov 11, 2021, https://monetary.org/Conferences/113-ami-conference-statement-to-cop26

The American Presidency Project, University of California Santa Barbara, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/elections/2000

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American Society of Civil Engineers, “2021 Report Card for America’s Infrastructure, ‘America’s Infrastructure Scores a C–.’” https://infrastructurereportcard.org/

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America’s Best History, “U.S. Timeline – The 1780s,” https://americasbesthistory.com/abhtimeline1781m.html

Ancient History Lists, “Top 11 Inventions and Discoveries of Mesopotamia,” https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/mesopotamia-history/top-11-inventions-and-discoveries-of-mesopotamia/

Andersen, Hans Christian, “The Emperor’s New Clothes,” The Hans Christian Andersen Centre, University of Southern Denmark, https://andersen.sdu.dk/vaerk/hersholt/TheEmperorsNewClothes_e.html

Andres, Tommy, “Divided Decade: How the financial crisis changed housing,” Marketplace.org, Dec. 17, 2018, https://www.marketplace.org/2018/12/17/what-we-learned-housing/

Andrews, Evan, “The Nobel Laureate Who Pioneered Chemical Warfare,” History.com, Aug 31, 2018, https://www.history.com/news/the-nobel-laureate-who-pioneered-chemical-warfare#:~:text=With%20the%20bald%2C%20cigar%2Dchomping,gas%20on%20the%20Allied%20trenches

Anguiano, Dani, “Self-driving car blocking road ‘delayed patient care’, San Francisco officials say,” The Guardian, Sept 5, 2023, https://www.theguardian.com/usnews/2023/sep/05/san-francisco-cruise-robotaxi-death-ambulance

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Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, Internet Classics, http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/nicomachaen.5.v.html

Arbuckle, Alex Q, “The Birth of the Bicycle,” Mashable.com, https://mashable.com/2015/08/29/evolution-of-bicycles/

Arnold, Carrie, “This Bug Can Eat Plastic. But Can It Clean Up Our Mess?”, National Geographic, April 24, 2017, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/wax-worms-eat-plastic-polyethylene-trash-pollution-cleanup

Aschheim, Joseph & Tavlas, George, “Academic Exclusion: the Case of Alexander Del Mar,” European Journal of Political Economy, March 2004, pp. 31-60.

Ashford, Kate, “What Is Deflation?” Forbes Advisor, Dec 16, 2020, https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/what-is-deflation/

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Association for Computing Machinery, “Fathers of the Deep Learning Revolution Receive ACM A.M. Turing Award,” June 15, 2018, https://awards.acm.org/about/2018-turing

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Atomic Heritage Foundation, “Soviet Atomic Program — 1946,” Atomic Heritage Foundation & National Museum of Nuclear Science & History, June 5, 2014, https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/soviet-atomic-program-1946

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Auerbach, Robert D., Deception and Abuse at the Fed, University of Texas Press, 2008.

Bailey, Kirk, “What is the U.S. Debt Ceiling?” Dummies: A Wiley Brand, Jan 19, 2023, Political Science, https://www.dummies.com/article/academics-the-arts/political-science/what-is-the-u-s-debt-ceiling-187249/

Baker, Russ, “AI Industry Growing Human Brains in a Lab: Wetware,” WhoWhatWhy, August 5, 2024, https://whowhatwhy.org/culture/ai-industry-growing-humanbrains-in-a-labwetware/?utm_source=WhoWhatWhy+Now&utm_campaign=0700efce4a-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2_1_2021_16_41_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_6b3f79a618-0700efce4a-251589449

Baker, Sinead, “Putin denies planning to revive the Russian empire after declaring that Ukraine is not a real country and sending troops there.” Business Insider, Feb 22, 2022.

Bakshi, Rashni, “The other economic summit and the New Economics Foundation, Dialogues, Proposals, Stories for Global Citizenship,” Sept 2008, http://base.d-p-h.info/en/fiches/dph/fiche-dph-7534.html

Ball, Terence & Dagger, Richard, “Socialism,” Encyclopedia Britannica, March 1, 2021, https://www.britannica.com/topic/socialism

BallotPedia, “Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Indiana,” https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_requirements_for_presidential_candidates_in_

Baltic Defense College, “Restoration of Independence in the Baltics,” https://www.baltdefcol.org/1243#:~:text=On%206th%20September%201991%2C%20the,Latvia%20on%2031%20August%201994

Banerjee, Asha, “The First Modern Bailout: The Barings Crisis of 1890 and the Bank of England,” Undergraduate Thesis, Columbia University, April 15, 2017, https://history.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2016/06/Banerjee_Thesis.pdf

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Bank for International Settlements, “Welcome to the Bank for International Settlements,” https://www.bis.org/index.htm

Baker, Sinead, “Putin denies planning to revive the Russian empire after declaring that Ukraine is not a real country and sending troops there,” Business Insider, Feb 22, 2022, https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-denies-reviving-russian-empire-says-ukraine-not-real-country-2022-2

Bankova, Dea; Dutta, Prasanta Kumar & Ovaska, Michael, “The war in Ukraine is fueling a global food crisis,” Reuters, May 30, 2022, https://www.reuters.com/graphics/UKRAINE-CRISIS/FOOD/zjvqkgomjvx/

Bankrate, “Mortgage Calculator,” https://www.bankrate.com/calculators/mortgages/mortgage-calculator.aspx

Barnier, Brian, “Guide to Economic Recession,” Investopedia, June 8, 2020, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/recession.asp#:~:text=The%20working%20definition%20of%20a,more%20frequently%20reported%20monthly%20data

Barofsky, Neil M., “Where the Bailout Went Wrong,” Op-Ed New York Times, March 29, 2011, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/30/opinion/30barofsky.html?_r=1&ref=opinion

Barnosky, Anthony & Hannibal, Mary Ellen, “Despite Official Vote, the Evidence of the Anthropocene Is Clear,” Yale Environment 360, Yale School of the Environment, April 2, 2024, https://e360.yale.edu/features/anthropocene-denied

Barone, Robert, “Why Jack Welch Has A Point About Unemployment Numbers,” Forbes, Oct. 16, 2012, https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2012/10/16/why-jack-welch-has-a-point-about-unemployment-numbers/?sh=6025b2f86554

Barron-Lopez, Laura & Popat, Shrai, “Flag associated with Christian nationalism flown at Alito’s beach house, report says,” PBS News Hour, May 23, 2024, https:// www.pbs.org/newshour/show/flag-associated-with-christian-nationalism-flown-atalitos-beach-house-report-says

Barrett, Axel, “The History of Bioplastics,” Bioplastics News, July 5, 2018, https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/07/05/history-of-bioplastics/

Barstow, David; Craig, Susanne & Buettner, Russ, “Trump engaged in suspect tax schemes as he reaped riches from his father,” New York Times, Oct 2, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html?mtrref=undefined&gwh=C03405781ACD71EAE46299C7BB8CA44E&gwt=pay&assetType=

BBC, “US election: Trump won’t commit to peaceful transfer of power,” Sept 24, 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2020-54274115

Baudendistel, Michael, “What is Precision Scheduled Railroading?” Freight Waves, Jan 9, 2020, https://www.freightwaves.com/news/what-is-precision-scheduled-railroading-psr

Belles, Jonathan; Dolce, Chris; Kaiser, Caitlin; Tonks, Sara, “Hurricane Milton to Make Landfall in Florida Tonight With Life-Threatening Storm Surge, Winds, Flooding,” Weather Channel, Oct 9, 2024, https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/2024-10-09-hurricane-milton-forecast-landfall-florida-storm-surge-wind

Bellis, Mary, “Charles Darrow and the Monopoly of Monopoly,” May 30, 2019, https://www.thoughtco.com/monopoly-monopoly-charles-darrow-4079786#:~:text=Darrow%20accepted%20and%20permitted%20Parker,to%20earn%20that%20much%20money

Benes, Jaromir & Kumhof, Michael, “The Chicago Plan Revisited,” International Monetary Fund, Working Paper, August 2012, chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12202.PDF

Bennett, Karen, “The Average amount in U.S. savings accounts – how does your cash stack up,” Bankrate, Feb 8, 2022, https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/savings-account-average-balance/

Bernstein, Carl, “The Holy Alliance,” Time, Feb 24, 1992, p. 30, https://www.carlbernstein.com/the-holy-alliance-time-magazine-february-24-1992

Bernstein, Leandra, “What economists think of Biden’s $1.9T stimulus plan,” KATV ABC 7 News, https://katv.com/news/nation-world/what-economists-think-of-bidens-19t-stimulus-plan

Best, M.; Neuhauser, D. & Slavin, L., ‘‘Cotton Mather, you dog, dam you! I’l inoculate you with this; with a pox to you,’’ Smallpox inoculation, Boston, 1721, Quality and Safety in Healthcare, 2014, 13: 82-83, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1758062/pdf/v013p00082.pdf

The Best Schools, “The 50 Greatest Living Geniuses,” https://thebestschools.org/features/50-greatest-living-geniuses/

Betts, Richard–Head of Climate Impacts Research at the Met Office Hadley Centre & University of Exeter, “Met Office: Atmospheric CO2 now hitting 50% higher than pre-industrial levels,” March 16, 2021, https://www.carbonbrief.org/met-office-atmospheric-co2-now-hitting-50-higher-than-pre-industrial-levels#:~:text=Atmospheric%20CO2%20has%20been%20rising,over%20the%201750%2D1800%20average

Betz, Eric, “Scientists Found a Caterpillar that Eats Plastic. Could It Help Solve Our Plastic Crisis?” Discover Magazine, Mar 4, 2020, https://www.discovermagazine.com/environment/scientists-found-a-caterpillar-that-eats-plastic-could-it-help-solve-our

Bible Gateway, “2 Kings 6:25 NIV,” http://web.mit.edu/jywang/www/cef/Bible/NIV/NIV_Bible/2KGS+6.html#:~:text=Bible%20Gateway%202%20Kings%206%20%3A%3A%20NIV&text=The%20company%20of%20the
%20prophets,he%20said%2C%20%22Go.%22

Biblehub.com, “Deuteronomy 15:1-2,” https://biblehub.com/deuteronomy/15-1.htm

Bidarian, Nadia, “Regulators give green light to driverless taxis in San Francisco,” CNN Business, Aug 11, 2023, https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/11/tech/robotaxi-votesan-francisco/index.html

Biemiller, Amy, “Can we safely burn used plastic objects in a domestic fireplace? ” MIT School of Engineering, https://engineering.mit.edu/engage/ask-an-engineer/can-we-safely-burn-used-plastic-objects-in-a-domestic-fireplace/

Biography, “J.P. Morgan,” June 12, 2020, https://www.biography.com/business-figure/jp-morgan

Birch’s Views of Philadelphia in 1800, “Plate 17: Bank of the United States, in Third Street,” https://www.ushistory.org/birch/plates/plate17.htm

Bjarke Ingels Group, “BIG, https://big.dk/

Blanke, David, “Panic of 1873,” TeachingHistory.org, National History Education Clearinghouse, https://teachinghistory.org/history-content/beyond-the-textbook/24579

Blake, Aaron, “The most remarkable rebukes of Trump’s legal case: From the judges he hand-picked,” Washington Post, Dec 14, 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/12/14/most-remarkable-rebukes-trumps-legal-case-judges-he-hand-picked/

Blakemore, Erin, “Why the Romanov Family’s Fate Was a Secret Until the Fall of the Soviet Union,” History.com, March 29, 2019, https://www.history.com/news/romanov-family-bodies-discovery-coverup

BLS Reports, “Characteristics of minimum wage workers, 2023,” U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/minimum-wage/2023/

Blum, William, Killing Hope – U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II, Common Courage Press, Monroe, ME, 2004.

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System:

“Federal Reserve Act,” https://www.federalreserve.gov/aboutthefed/fract.htm

“Section 13. Powers of the Federal Reserve Banks,” https://www.federalreserve.gov/aboutthefed/section13.htm

“Federal Open Market Committee,” http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomc.htm

“Financial Accounts of the U.S. 2019 Front Matter, Household Net Worth and Growth of Nonfinancial Debt,” https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/20190920/html/introductory_text.htm

“Flow of Funds, Balance Sheets, and Integrated Macroeconomic Accounts, Household Net Worth and Growth of Nonfinancial Debt,” https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/20180920/z1.pdf

“Is U.S. currency still backed by gold?” https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/currency_12770.htm#:~:text=Federal%20Reserve%20notes%20are%20not,obligations%20of%20the%20United%20States%E2%80%A6

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2013,” July 2014, https://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/2013-report-economic-well-being-us-households-201407.pdf

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2014,” May 15, 2015, https://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/2014-report-economic-well-being-us-households-201505.pdf

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2015,” May 15, 2016, , https://www.federalreserve.gov/2015-report-economic-well-being-us-households-201605.pdf

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2016,” May 15, 2017, https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/files/2016-report-economic-well-being-us-households-201705.pdf

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2017,” May 2018, https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/files/2017-report-economic-well-being-us-households-201805.pdf

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2018,” May 2019, https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/files/2018-report-economic-well-being-us-households-201905.pdf

“Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2019, Featuring Supplemental Data from April 2020,” May 2020, https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/files/2019-report-economic-well-being-us-households-202005.pdf

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“Survey of Consumer Finances, 2019,” https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/scfindex.htm

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“Federal Reserve Board announces annual indexing of reserve requirement exemption amount and of low reserve tranche for 2021,” Dec 7, 2020, https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/bcreg20201207a.htm#:~:text=For%20all%20net%20transaction%20accounts,are%20exempt%20from%20reserve%20requirements

“Federal Reserve Board announces annual indexing of reserve requirement exemption amount and of low reserve tranche for 2021,” Dec 7, 2020, https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/bcreg20201207a.htm#:~:text=For%20all%20net%20transaction%20accounts,are%20exempt%20from%20reserve%20requirements

“How much does it cost to produce currency and coin,” https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/currency_12771.htm

“The Structure and Functions of the Federal Reserve System,” https://www.federalreserveeducation.org/about-the-fed/structure-and-functions#:~:text=The%20Board%20of%20Governors%2C%20also,and%20confirmed%20by%20the%20Senate

“What does it mean that the Federal Reserve is ‘independent within the government’?” https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/about_12799.htm

Bond, Casey, “Cost of living comparison by state,” Insure.com, July 7, 2021, https://www.insure.com/cost-of-living-by-state.html

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Boris Kargarlitsky quoted in Klein, Naomi, The Shock Doctrine — The Rise of Disaster Capitalism, p. 286.

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Bote, Joshua, “These tiny plastic-munching caterpillars can clean up our world—but there’s a catch,” USA Today, March 6, 2020, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/03/06/waxworms-caterpillars-eat-plastic-pollution-but-could-also-hurt-bees/4952495002/

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Brown, Matthew, “Fact check: Georgia ‘suitcase’ video is missing context,” USA Today, Dec 14, 2020, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/12/14/fact-check-georgia-suitcase-video-missing-context/3892640001/

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Buck, Matthew Jinoo, “How America’s Supply Chains Got Railroaded,” The American Prospect, Feb 4, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/how-americas-supply-chains-got-railroaded/

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Buis, Alan, “Earth’s Magnetosphere: Protecting Our Planet from Harmful Space Energy,” NASA Global Climate Change, Aug 3, 2021, https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3105/earths-magnetosphere-protecting-our-planet-from-harmful-space-energy/

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“Money is the one absolutely essential thing we all need to simply survive in modern society … As such, it logically follow that our knowledge of who creates our money and how they create it is vital to the survival of our democracy and ultimately the health of our planet.”

Nick Egnatz, Money Creation 101

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